Multiple Tracks
Friday, 5 June 2026, 9:00-10:30, room Sala 12 (1st floor)
Session Chair: tbd
Technological Antecedents and Their Implications for the Business of Resilient Local 6G System
Seppo Yrjölä (University of Oulu; Nokia); Arturo Basaure (University of Oulu, Finland); Marja Matinmikko-Blue (University of Oulu, Centre for Wireless Communications, Finland); Petri Ahokangas (University of Oulu, Finland)
This paper investigates the value logic of the 6G enabling technologies and position them as antecedents to local 6G network and operator concept development models. Identified antecedents were analyzed and characterized based on their contributions across value creation layers: connection, computing, content, context, and commerce and associated platform types. Through the analysis, technological antecedents were found to be key elements in transforming local mobile communication networks from connectivity and solution enabler towards consortium, application marketplace, transaction, and decentralized autonomous platform archetypes with distinct control and governance models. Achieving resilient local 6G systems, as indicated by this study, necessitates the convergence of digital information and tangible assets, the implementation of context-aware intelligence, robust interoperability and quality among complementary entities, and balanced regulation and governance of multi-layered platforms. The outcomes of this study provide a foundation for designing resilient local 6G business ecosystems and offer a framework for conducting more integrated assessments of enabling technologies within the broader 6G landscape.
Urban Clutter Characterization at 2.4, 5.7, and 24.25 GHz Based on Measurement Campaigns and Comparison with ITU-R Clutter Models
Marina Lotti and Manuel Faccioli (Fondazione Ugo Bordoni, Italy); Fernando Consalvi (FUB, Italy); Valeria Petrini (Fondazione Ugo Bordoni, Italy); Claudia Carciofi (Via Indipendenza 24, Italy); Massimo Celidonio (Fondazione Ugo Bordoni, Italy)
This paper presents the results of three measurement campaigns conducted in a low-density urban environment at 2.4 GHz, 5.7 GHz, and 24.25 GHz, aimed at characterizing urban clutter loss over a wide frequency range. The selected frequency bands allow experimental activities without individual licensing requirements, provided that the applicable EIRP limits are respected, enabling consistent and repeatable measurement conditions. The main objective of the work is to validate the methodology, and compare the measured clutter loss against the prediction models currently recommended by the ITU-R, namely ITU-R P.2108-1 and ITU-R P.452-17. To improve the accuracy of the comparison, the transmitting antenna radiation pattern was explicitly taken into account for each measurement point by exploiting GPS-based position data, terrain elevation information, and the known geometrical configuration of the radio link. The analysis shows that ITU-R P.2108-1 provides good agreement with the measured clutter loss, while ITU-R P.452-17 generally exhibits a slight tendency to underestimate it for the considered scenarios. Overall, the experimental results indicate that the measured clutter loss values lie between the predictions provided by the two models across the investigated distances and frequency bands.
DECT-2020 NR for Energy and Power Grid Substation QoS Monitoring Use Cases
Rafael Pires (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland); Joonas Säe and Ritayan Biswas (Tampere University, Finland); Mika Lasanen (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland); Juho Pirskanen (Wirepas Oy, Finland)
Modern power grids and industrial systems require scalable and reliable wireless connectivity to support real-time monitoring and control. DECT-2020 New Radio (NR), an ETSI-standardized wireless technology operating in license-exempt spectrum, offers native mesh networking, low latency, and flexible deployment for industrial Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. This paper investigates the suitability of DECT-2020 NR mesh networking for power grid monitoring within the Ultra Scalable Wireless Access (USWA) project. Two proof-of-concept (PoC) deployments are evaluated, collecting data from multiple sensors under varying conditions, including packet fragmentation, multi-hop communication, and different data rates to assess the end-to-end performance of the system in terms of quality-of-service (QoS) metrics. From the results, we found that DECT-2020 NR shows potential for larger scale energy and substation monitoring deployments.
Introducing the Deterministic Body Subnetwork (DBS) – Ring-Topology Scheduling Using Raw 802.11 Frame Injection
Jan Herbst (German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence, Germany); Robin Müller (DFKI, Germany); Hans D. Schotten (University of Kaiserslautern, Germany)
Modern Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications require communication mechanisms that go beyond best-effort data delivery and instead provide bounded latency, timing stability, and resilience against transient failures. These properties are particularly critical in medical and health-related scenarios, where multiple on-body sensors have to operate in synchronized and cyclic data exchange patterns. This perspective aligns with emerging 6G architectures, where coordinated and locally managed subnetworks form part of larger communication fabrics. Recent works have therefore introduced ring-topology communication approaches based on ESP-NOW and BLE extended advertisement implementations, demonstrating the potential of cyclic, distributed forwarding for WBANs in terms of latency and energy consumption. Building on these foundations, this work develops a communication system based on raw IEEE 802.11 injection and extends it to a comprehensive WBAN framework architecture. The framework comprises modular layers for sensor management, routing, and event handling on an overall topology abstraction. A central feature is an intelligent time-framing scheduler that provides deterministic device access, combined with an error management module capable of detecting violations of the framing discipline and triggering recovery actions such as re-scheduling, node isolation, and adaptive fallback to star or direct-routing modes. The framework is implemented on custom-designed, ESP32-S3-based PCB platforms and systematically evaluated. Results indicate that the proposed system significantly improves robustness and predictability while retaining the latency and energy benefits of ring-oriented scheduling. The contribution of this work is a holistic and fault-tolerant WBAN architecture, extending previous implementations into a complete framework for resilient body-centric communication aligned with future 6G requirements.
Conflict Mitigation of xApps and Interoperability of O-RAN Components: The ORIGAMI Approach
Md Arifur Rahman (IS-Wireless, Poland); Alexis Duque (Net AI, United Kingdom (Great Britain)); Nadezhda Chukhno (IMDEA Networks Institute, Spain); Bartosz Niżnik (IS-Wireless, Poland); Marco Gramaglia (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain); Andres Garcia-Saavedra (NEC Laboratories Europe, Germany)
As 6G architectures evolve toward pervasive Network Intelligence (NI), managing concurrent and potentially conflicting control actions from diverse Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven xApps becomes a critical challenge. In the disaggregated Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) ecosystem, independent xApps optimizing for different metrics-such as energy efficiency versus throughput-can lead to network instability and degraded performance. This paper presents a conflict management solution within the ORIGAMI framework, specifically addressing the contention between the Interoperable Machine Learning models for RAN Energy efficiency (IMLE) xApp (energy optimization) and a competing Throughput xApp (throughput maximization). We demonstrate how ORIGAMI’s Global Service-Based Architecture (GSBA) facilitates the real-time discovery and mediation of these conflicting objectives. Our experimental results in a distributed O-RAN testbed show that by leveraging GSBA-exposed services, the proposed conflict management logic effectively prioritizes critical network requirements, ensuring stability and resource efficiency without compromising the performance targets of high-priority services.
