NVS1 – Visions for resilience and sustainability
Wednesday, 4 June 2025, 16:00-17:30, room 1.C
Session Chair: Maziar Nekovee (Univ. Sussex & Samsung, UK)
Transforming the Internet with 6G: Towards Architectural Extensibility
Aleksandr Zavodovski (University of Oulu, Finland); Nitinder Mohan (Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands); Abhishek Kumar (University of Oulu, Finland & University of Helsinki, Finland); Sasu Tarkoma and Jussi Kangasharju (University of Helsinki, Finland); Ari T. Pouttu (Centre for Wireless Communications University of Oulu, Finland)
6G is envisioned to be substantially more than just a next-generation wireless communication technology. It is thought of as a universal intelligent fabric that will have a transformative effect on societal structure, empowering the emergence of smart societies. A massive deployment of the new technology at the very edge of the network provides a limited, yet unique opportunity for the evolution of the Internet itself. In this paper, we aim to identify how the impact of a wide-scale 6G deployment can affect the Internet’s architecture, which has a long time been criticized for its ossified state. To take advantage of this chance, careful consideration must be taken at an early stage of the 6G infrastructure design. We investigate how to implement extensibility in 6G to enable deployment and proliferation of what essentially is layer 3.5, and, eventually, unbuckle the thin waist of the Internet. Also, we examine what clean-slate internet architectures appear to be the most promising in conjunction with the massive renewal of the Internet’s edge. Our paper serves as a call to action for making the Internet future-ready as 6G reshapes its edge.
6G Standardization Potential of the ORIGAMI Novel Architectures and Use Cases
Livia Elena Chatzieleftheriou (IMDEA Networks Institute, Spain); David de Andres Hernandez (IMDEA Networks Institute & Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain); Simone Bizzarri (Fibercop S.p.A., Italy); Marco Fiore (IMDEA Networks Institute, Spain); Maurizio Fodrini (FiberCop, S.p.A., Italy); Andres Garcia-Saavedra (NEC Laboratories Europe, Spain); Marco Gramaglia (Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain); Esteban Municio (i2CAT Foundation, Spain); Dimitris Tsolkas (Fogus Innovations and Services & National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece)
The transition to 6G presents many barriers to be overcome, as well as opportunities for innovation. The integration of Network Intelligence (NI) is pivotal in optimizing network performance, enhancing security, and improving resource allocation. The ORIGAMI project identifies 8 critical barriers to 6G deployment and proposes both architectural and NI innovations to overcome them. This paper discusses the standardization potential of such innovations, which respond to 10 different use cases, each with diverse necessity and impact on the associated components, and across multiple network domains. We present in detail three key architectural innovations, namely the Compute Continuum Layer (CCL), the Zero Trust Layer (ZTL), and the Global Service-Based Architecture (GSBA), are leveraged to ensure dynamic adaptation and zero-trust business models; we then discuss two representative NI innovations targeting energy efficiency and infrastructure management. Overall, this paper shows how ORIGAMI’s comprehensive approach to innovation aligns with and impacts ongoing standardization efforts.
Towards a 6G Ready Service-Based Access to Core Network Interface
Marius Corici, Eric Troudt and Hauke Buhr (Fraunhofer FOKUS, Germany); Hemant Zope (Fraunhofer Fokus, Germany); Fabian Eichhorn (Fraunhofer FOKUS, Germany); Thomas Magedanz (Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS / TU Berlin, Germany); Markus Amend (Deutsche Telekom AG, Germany); Hans Joachim Einsiedler (Deutsche Telekom, Berlin, Germany); Nico Bayer (Telekom Innovation Laboratories, Germany); Josep Colom Ikuno (T-Mobile Austria GmbH, Austria)
The Service-Based Architecture introduced with the 5G core network has significantly improved the modularity, scalability, and service agility of mobile communication systems. Extending this architecture to the RAN is a promising development that could enhance connectivity service procedures, improve resource utilization, enable dynamic service deployment, and support a modular architecture. This paper provides a first analysis of a service-based interface between RAN and core compared to 5G’s SCTP- and NGAP-based N2 interface. The paper includes a review of the SBA framework, highlighting recent research and advancements, as well as the potential advantages of a service-based RAN-core interface. Furthermore, a high level feature analysis demonstrates the potential for increased network efficiency and enhanced support, including an implementation and migration feasibility study. We propose a realistic service-based RAN interface design and argue that applying SBA to the RAN interfaces can be a significant enhancement introduced with 6G.
Security, Privacy, and Resilience Controls for the 6G End-to-End System Developed in Hexa-X-II
Pawani Porambage (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland); Noelia Perez Palma (University of Murcia & University Carlos III, Spain); Diego Lopez (Telefonica I+D, Spain); Antonio Pastor (Telefonica Innovación Digital, Spain); Bin Han (RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany); Betül Güvenç Paltun and Ferhat Karakoç (Ericsson Research, Turkey); Prajnamaya Dass (Barkhausen Institute, Germany); Stefan Köpsell (TU Dresden, Germany); Sonika Ujjwal (Ericsson Research, Finland); Philipp Schulz and Anton Schösser (Technische Universität Dresden, Germany); Pol Alemany and Raul Muñoz (Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC/CERCA), Spain); Ricard Vilalta (CTTC, Spain); José María Jorquera Valero, Manuel Gil Pérez and Antonio Skarmeta Gomez (University of Murcia, Spain); Dinaj Attanayaka (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland); Amitha Prakasha Mayya (Barkhausen Institut, Germany); Ali Khandan Boroujeni (Barkhausen Institute gGmbH Dresden, Germany); Hans D. Schotten (RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Germany); Sylvaine Kerboeuf (Nokia Bell Labs, France); Gerhard P. Fettweis (Technische Universität Dresden, Germany); Mikko A. Uusitalo (Nokia Bell Labs, Finland)
The sixth generation (6G) of mobile networks is being developed to overcome limitations in previous generations and meet emerging user demands. As spearhead of the European research and development effort on 6G, the Smart Networks and Services Joint Undertaking (SNS JU) 6G Flagship project Hexa-X-II has a leading role for developing the technologies and anchoring 6G end-to-end (E2E) system. This paper summarizes the security, privacy, and resilience (SPR) controls identified by the Hexa-X-II project and their validation activities. Moreover, we share the SPR view on the 6G E2E system with the SPR features which are necessary to ensure the trustworthiness of 6G.
Advances in Network Orchestration for Security, Scalability, and Sustainability
Engin Zeydan (CTTC, Spain); Luis Blanco (Centre Tecnològic de les Telecommunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC), Spain); Sadeep Batewela (University of Oulu, Finland); Pasika Ranaweera and Madhusanka Liyanage (University College Dublin, Ireland)
This paper presents a comprehensive examination of orchestration technologies and emphasizes their importance for modern network management and IoT integration in Beyond 5G systems. After an introduction to orchestration and its taxonomy, we categorize orchestration into four key areas: Service Orchestration (SCO), Resource Orchestration (RO), Lifecycle Service Orchestration (LSO) and Security Orchestration (SO). Moreover, multi-domain orchestration details are provided in complex network environments. As a case study, we then focus on security orchestration in IoT for 5G technologies, reviewing existing methods and their effectiveness and highlighting gaps. Fundamental principles and technologies as well as current challenges and limitations in management and orchestration are analyzed, with particular attention to scalability, adaptability and security issues. The discussion concludes with an outlook on future research and development directions in the field of orchestration that address the new challenges in a rapidly changing technological landscape.
