MIX3 – OPE & 6VS
Thursday, 8 June 2023, 11:00-12:30, Room R24-R25
Session Chair: Daniel Kilper (Trinity College Dublin & CONNECT Centre, Ireland)
Post-Quantum QUIC Protocol in Cloud Networking
Manohar Raavi (University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, USA); Simeon Wuthier (University of Colorado Colorado Springs, USA); Xiaobo Zhou (University of Colorado, Colorado Springs, USA); Sang-Yoon Chang (University of Colorado Colorado Springs, USA)
Post-quantum ciphers (PQC) secure the digital networking of the current computers against a quantum-computingequipped adversary. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) selected post-quantum digital signature algorithms for standardization. To prepare for the transition to PQC, we study the feasibility of integrating the NIST-standardized PQC digital signatures into the existing networking protocols, which include TCP/TLS and the more advanced QUIC. We study the behavior and performances of implementing PQC signatures for HTTP networking built on TCP/TLS and QUIC. Our experiment-based studies use remote cloud servers across the globe to simulate and measure the real-world networking behaviors. Focusing on the post-quantum lattice-based ciphers of Dilithium and Falcon, our results show that QUIC generally outperforms TCP/TLS (by 52% with RSA, 2.5% or greater with Dilithium algorithms, and 32.8% or greater with Falcon algorithms). Based on the QUIC performances and the protocol handshake duration overhead between the client and the cloud server, we recommend Falcon for the QUIC-based networking applications for quicker handshake and less variance if the devices can afford the hardware for floating-point-based operations.
Edge Intelligence in 5G and Beyond Aeronautical Network with LEO Satellite Backhaul
Babak Mafakheri, Chao Yan, Kiran Narayanaswamy, Isabelle Trang, Tobias Betz and Konrad Pientka (Safran Passenger Innovations GmbH, Germany); Leonardo Goratti (Zodiac Aerospace, Germany)
The vision of ubiquitous network connectivity to fuel uninterrupted services to any user has materialized with the Fifth-Generation (5G) of mobile technology and will probably find maturity on the way to developing 6G. To reach this goal, 5G technology and its evolution (B5G), as well as Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC), alongside Machine Learning (ML) will play pivotal roles. This work sheds light onto a test bed development and initial experimentation results obtained to enable airlines passengers on-board an aircraft with broadband connectivity as an advancement toward ubiquitous access. We detail our research and experimentation activity as part of the H2020 AI@EDGE research project around a 5G network and an edgecloud built on top of aviation-certified hardware and off-theshelf servers. The edge-cloud is used to develop and test MEC applications that can be seen as the next generation of services offered to airlines and to airlines’ passengers and that rely on machine learning. The 5G network is integrated into a larger test-bed and connected to a 5G core on the ground by means of a Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite backhaul such as Starlink.
Experimental Validation of Coherent Joint Transmission in a Distributed-MIMO System with Analog Fronthaul for 6G
Rafael Puerta (Ericsson & KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden); Xiaodan Pang (KTH Royal Institute of Technology & RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Sweden); Oskars Ozoliņš (Riga Technical University, Latvia); Sergei Popov (Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden); Vjaceslavs Bobrovs (Riga Technical University, Latvia); Mengyao Han and Mahdieh Joharifar (KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden); Anders Djupsjöbacka (RISE AB, Sweden)
The sixth-generation (6G) mobile networks must increase coverage and improve spectral efficiency, especially for cell-edge users. Distributed multiple-input multiple-output (DMIMO) networks can fulfill these requirements provided that transmission/reception points (TRxPs) of the network can be synchronized with sub-nanosecond precision, however, synchronization with current backhaul and fronthaul digital interfaces is challenging. For 6G new services and scenarios, analog radio-over-fiber (ARoF) is a prospective alternative for future mobile fronthaul where current solutions fall short to fulfill future demands on bandwidth, synchronization, and/or power consumption. This paper presents an experimental validation of coherent joint transmissions (CJTs) in a two TRxPs D-MIMO network where ARoF fronthaul links allow to meet the required level of synchronization. Results show that by means of CJT a combined diversity and power gain of +5 dB is realized in comparison with a single TRxP transmission.
Leveraging Wi-Fi 6 and MPTCP for Efficient and Reliable Real-Time Video Streaming in Safe Port Monitoring
Andrea Gentili (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Finland); Heli Kokkoniemi-Tarkkanen and Antti Heikkinen (VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland); Mika Kasslin (Nokia Mobile Phones, Finland); Mikko Uusitalo (Nokia Bell Labs, Finland)
Continuous and reliable unlicensed wireless connectivity solutions could play a fundamental role in the next generation of ports. To provide secure and reliable video monitoring, Automated Rubber-Tyred Gantry cranes (AutoRTGs) rely on wired cable reel connections. By adopting 5G technology, smart ports can eliminate the need for fixed wired connections in favour of low-latency wireless communication, allowing effective communication and control. However, occasionally it is better to leverage complementary wireless technologies to carry resourceintensive traffic like large amounts of video data in uplink (UL). As a result, Wi-Fi is being considered as a potential solution. Wireless networks are widely utilized for their quick installation and simplicity. However, the presence of multiple unlicensed Wireless Access Networks could impact the wireless connection performance due to the possibility of channel interference. This paper studies how the utilization of a Multipath Transmission Control Protocol (MPTCP) wireless system can serve as an alternative to a fixed fiber cable reel. To minimize the latency, we propose the simultaneous use of two Wi-Fi 6 networks and MPTCP’s redundant scheduler to send video streams from the crane to a remote control center (RCC) desk. We compare different wired and wireless topology alternatives to assess the most reliable network configuration when the AutoRTG is in operation. Thus, we evaluate each topology with dynamic quality of service (QoS) measurements. We find that duplicating packets with MPTCP over two Wi-Fi 6 networks allows for stable and reliable low-latency video streaming, even in instances where one of the networks experiences sudden high delay peaks. Finally, we discuss how the utilization of Wi-Fi and MPTCP can be a choice to support and complement 5G in situations with heavy uplink traffic.
ACROSS: Automated Zero-Touch Cross-Layer Provisioning Framework for 5G and Beyond Vertical Services
Dimitris Giannopoulos (University of Patras, Greece); Georgios P. Katsikas (UBITECH, Greece); Kostis Trantzas (University of Patras, Greece); Dimitrios Klonidis (UBITECH, Greece); Christos Tranoris and Spyros Denazis (University of Patras, Greece); Lluis Gifre Renom, Ricard Vilalta, Pol Alemany and Raul Muñoz (Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC/CERCA), Spain); Anne-Marie C. Bosneag (Ericsson Ireland Research Centre, Ireland); Alberto Mozo, Amit Karamchandani Batra and Luis de la Cal (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain); Diego Lopez (Telefonica I+D, Spain); Antonio Pastor (Telefonica I+D & Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain); Angela Burgaleta Ledesma (Telefonica, Greece)
As the demand for advanced and efficient network and service deployment continues to rise, the integration of multiple domains and the incorporation of AI technology are becoming essential. The ACROSS project is a Horizon Europe project, that aims to address this need by proposing an innovative end-to-end service deployment and management platform. This platform is designed to deliver unprecedented levels of automation, performance, scalability, and energy efficiency in the nextgen networks and services landscape. The platform will be built as a highly-distributed grid of domain-level orchestrators, spread across multiple geo-dispersed and potentially heterogeneous edge environments, all overseen by a cloud-managed multi-domain orchestrator. The use of standardised communication interfaces will promote separation of concerns and ensure compliance with ongoing standardization efforts, some of which include ETSI ZSM, ETSI NFV-OSM, TMF, ETSI TFS and ONF. The platform will also be enhanced with deep end-to-end telemetry, AI-driven intelligence, full-stack cross-domain zero-touch provisioning, and secure and trusted orchestration mechanisms.
